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חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUAחוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUA

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · לך לך · חֲמִישִׁי

Complete Word-for-Word Interlinear · Navy & Gold Edition
Lech-Lecha · 5th Aliyah
Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, we find Avraham Avinu returning from the miraculous war against the four kings. The king of Sedom approaches Avraham with a proposal to split the spoils, asking only for the captured people while offering Avraham all the physical booty. Avraham, with his characteristic yiras Shamayim and emunah, completely rejects the offer, swearing that he will not take even a thread or a shoe strap so that Sedom can never claim they made him rich.

Following these events, Hashem appears to Avraham in a vision to reassure him not to fear, promising him a very great reward. This leads into a deeply personal and heartfelt dialogue where Avraham expresses his pain over being childless, wondering who will inherit his spiritual legacy if his steward, Eliezer of Damesek, is currently poised to be his heir.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd he saidמֶלֶךְthe king ofסְדֹםSodomאֶלtoאַבְרָםAvramתֶּןgiveלִיto meהַנֶּפֶשׁthe peopleוְהָרְכֻשׁand the possessionsקַחtakeלָךְ׃for yourself
רַשִׁ״י
תןGiveליto meהנפש.the personsמִןfromהַשְּׁבִיthe captivityשֶׁלִּיof mineשֶׁהִצַּלְתָּ,that you rescuedהַחֲזֵרreturnלִיto meהַגּוּפִיםthe bodiesלְבַדָּם:alone
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאַבְרָםAvramאֶלtoמֶלֶךְthe king ofסְדֹםSedomהֲרִימֹתִיI lift upיָדִיmy handאֶלtoיְהוָהHashemאֵלGodעֶלְיוֹןMost HighקֹנֵהCreator ofשָׁמַיִםheavenוָאָרֶץ׃and earth
רַשִׁ״י
הרימתיI have liftedידי.my handלְשׁוֹןan expression ofשְׁבוּעָה,an oathמֵרִיםliftאֲנִיIאֶת—יָדִיmy handלְאֵלto Godעֶלְיוֹן,Most Highוְכֵןand similarlyבִּיby MyselfנִשְׁבַּעְתִּיI have swornבר'Bereshisכ"ב22,נִשְׁבַּעswearאֲנִי,Iוְכֵןand similarlyנָתַתִּיI have givenכֶּסֶףthe money ofהַשָּׂדֶהthe fieldקַחtakeמִמֶּנִּיfrom meשםthereכ"ג23,נוֹתֵןgiveאֲנִיIלְךָto youכֶּסֶףthe money ofהַשָּׂדֶה,the fieldקָחֵהוּtake itמִמֶּנִּי:from me
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
אִםIfמִחוּטfrom a threadוְעַדand untilשְׂרוֹךְa strap ofנַעַלa shoeוְאִםand ifאֶקַּחI will takeמִכָּלfrom allאֲשֶׁרthatלָךְis yoursוְלֹאand notתֹאמַרyou shall sayאֲנִיIהֶעֱשַׁרְתִּיmade richאֶת—אַבְרָם׃Avram
רַשִׁ״י
אםIfמחוטfrom a threadועדand untilשרוךa strap ofנעל.a shoeאַעֲכֵּבI will withholdלְעַצְמִיfor myselfמִןfromהַשְּׁבִי:the captivity
רַשִׁ״י
ואםAnd ifאקחI will takeמכלfrom allאשרthatלך.is yoursוְאִםand ifתֹּאמַרyou will sayלָתֵתto giveלִיto meשָׂכָרrewardמִבֵּיתfrom the house ofגְּנָזֶיךָ,your treasuresלֹאnotאֶקַּח:will I take
רַשִׁ״י
ולאAnd notתאמרyou should sayוגו'.etc.שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁfor the Holy Oneבָּרוּךְblessedהוּאis Heהִבְטִיחַנִיpromised meלְעַשְּׁרֵנִי,to enrich meשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרas it is saidוַאֲבָרֶכְךָand I will bless youוְגוֹ':etc.
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
בִּלְעָדַיFar be it from meרַקonlyאֲשֶׁרthat whichאָכְלוּhave eatenהַנְּעָרִיםthe youthsוְחֵלֶקand the share ofהָאֲנָשִׁיםthe menאֲשֶׁרwhoהָלְכוּwentאִתִּיwith meעָנֵרAnerאֶשְׁכֹּלEshkolוּמַמְרֵאand Mamreהֵםtheyיִקְחוּshall takeחֶלְקָם׃their share
רַשִׁ״י
הנערים.The ladsעֲבָדַיmy servantsאֲשֶׁרwhoהָלְכוּwentאִתִּיwith meוְעוֹדand furthermoreעָנֵרAnerאֶשְׁכֹּלEshcolוּמַמְרֵאand Mamreוְגוֹ';etc.אַףevenעַל·פִּיthoughשֶׁעֲבָדַיthat my servantsנִכְנְסוּenteredלַמִּלְחָמָה,into the battleשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרas it is saidהוּאheוַעֲבָדָיוand his servantsוַיַּכֵּם,and smote themוְעָנֵרand Anerוַחֲבֵרָיוand his companionsיָשְׁבוּsatעַלbyהַכֵּלִיםthe baggageלִשְׁמֹר,to guardאֲפִלּוּevenהָכִיsoהֵםtheyיִקְחוּshall takeחֶלְקָם.their portionוּמִמֶּנּוּand from himלָמַדlearnedדָּוִד,Dovidשֶׁאָמַרwho saidכְּחֵלֶקas the portion ofהַיֹּרֵדthe one who goes downבַּמִּלְחָמָהinto the battleוּכְחֵלֶקand as the portion ofהַיֹּשֵׁבthe one who sitsעַלbyהַכֵּלִיםthe baggageיַחְדָּוtogetherיַחֲלֹקוּthey shall shareשמואלShmuelאIל'30,וּלְכָךְand thereforeנֶאֱמַרit is saidוַיְהִיand it wasמֵהַיּוֹםfrom the dayהַהוּאthatוָמָעְלָהand backwardוַיְשִׂמֶהָand he made itלְחֹקfor a statuteוּלְמִשְׁפָּטand for an ordinanceשםthere,וְלֹאand notנֶאֱמַרwas it saidוָהָלְאָה,and forwardלְפִיbecauseשֶׁכְּבָרthat alreadyנִתַּןwas givenהַחֹקthe statuteבִּימֵיin the days ofאַבְרָם:Avram
פָּסוּק ה
Pasuk 5
אַחַרAfterהַדְּבָרִיםthe eventsהָאֵלֶּהtheseהָיָהwasדְבַרthe word ofיְהוָהHashemאֶלtoאַבְרָםAvramבַּמַּחֲזֶהin a visionלֵאמֹרsayingאַלdo notתִּירָאfearאַבְרָםAvramאָנֹכִיIמָגֵןam a shieldלָךְfor youשְׂכָרְךָyour rewardהַרְבֵּהis veryמְאֹד׃great
רַשִׁ״י
אחרAfterהדבריםthe thingsהאלה.theseכָּלeveryמָקוֹםplaceשֶׁנֶאֱמַרthat it is saidאַחַרafter–סָמוּךְ,is immediately adjacentאַחֲרֵיafterwards–מֻפְלָגis distantבראשיתBereishisרבהRabbah.אַחַרAfterהַדְּבָרִיםthe thingsהָאֵלֶּהtheseאַחַרafterשֶׁנַּעֲשָׂהthat was performedלוֹfor himנֵסa miracleזֶה,thisשֶׁהָרַגthat he killedאֶת—הַמְּלָכִיםthe kingsוְהָיָהand he wasדוֹאֵגanxiousוְאוֹמֵר,and sayingשֶׁמָּאperhapsקִבַּלְתִּיI have receivedשָׂכָרrewardעַלforכָּלallצִדְקוֹתַי,my righteous deedsלְכָךְthereforeאָמַרsaidלוֹto himהַמָּקוֹםthe Omnipresentאַלdo notתִּירָאfearאַבְרָםAbramאָנֹכִיIמָגֵןam a shieldלָךְ,for youמִןfromהָעֹנֶשׁ,the punishmentשֶׁלֹּאthat notתֵּעָנֵשׁyou will be punishedעַלforכָּלallאוֹתָןthoseנְפָשׁוֹתsoulsשֶׁהָרַגְתָּ;that you killedוּמַהand as for whatשֶּׁאַתָּהthat youדוֹאֵגare anxiousעַלaboutקִבּוּלthe receipt ofשְׂכָרְךָ,your rewardשְׂכָרְךָyour rewardהַרְבֵּהis exceedinglyמְאֹדgreatבראשיתBereishisרבהRabbah:
פָּסוּק ו
Pasuk 6
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאַבְרָםAvramאֲדֹנָיmy LordיֱהוִהHashemמַהwhatתִּתֶּןwill You giveלִיto meוְאָנֹכִיand Iהוֹלֵךְgoעֲרִירִיchildlessוּבֶןand the stewardמֶשֶׁקof the householdבֵּיתִיof my houseהוּאhe isדַּמֶּשֶׂקof Damascusאֱלִיעֶזֶר׃Eliezer
רַשִׁ״י
הולךI goערירי.childlessמְנַחֵםMenachemבֶּןson ofסָרוּקSarukפֵּרְשׁוֹexplained itלְשׁוֹןas meaningיוֹרֵשׁ,heirוְחָבֵרand a companionלוֹto it isעֵרsonוְעֹנֶהand grandsonמלאכיMalachiב'chapter 2,עֲרִירִי,aririבְלֹאwithoutיוֹרֵשׁ,heirכַּאֲשֶׁרjust asתֹּאמַרyou sayוּבְכָלand in allתְּבוּאָתִיmy increaseתְשָׁרֵשׁit would uprootאיובJobל"אchapter 31,תְּעַקֵּרit would tear upשָׁרָשֶׁיהָ,its rootsכָּךְso tooלְשׁוֹןthe meaning ofעֲרִירִיariri isחֲסַרlackingבָּנִים,childrenובלע"זand in Old Frenchדישאנפנטיש.desenfanteוְלִיand to meנִרְאֶהit seemsעֵרerוְעֹנֶהand one who answersמִגִּזְרַתis from the rootוְלִבִּיand my heartעֵרis awakeשירSong ofהשיריםSongsה'chapter 5,וַעֲרִירִיand ariri isלְשׁוֹןan expression ofחֻרְבָּן,destructionוְכֵןand similarlyעָרוּrase itעָרוּrase itתה'Psalmsקל"זchapter 137,וְכֵןand similarlyעָרוֹתdestroyingיְסוֹדthe foundationחבקוקHabakkukג'chapter 3,וְכֵןand similarlyעַרְעֵרutterlyתִּתְעַרְעָרshall be destroyedירמ'Jeremiahנ"אchapter 51,וְכֵןand similarlyכִּיforאַרְזָהits cedar-workעֵרָהshall be destroyedצפניהZephaniahב'chapter 2:
רַשִׁ״י
ובןAnd the steward ofמשקthe household ofביתי.my houseכְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ,is like its Targumשֶׁכָּלthat all ofבֵּיתִיmy houseנִזּוֹןis sustainedעַלbyפִּיו,his wordכְּמוֹlikeוְעַלand byפִּיךָyour wordיִשַּׁקshall be sustainedבר'Bereshisמלכיםkingsא1,אַפּוֹטְרוֹפּוֹסthe administratorשֶׁלִּי,of mineוְאִלּוּand ifהָיָהthere wasלִיto meבֵן,a sonהָיָהwould beבְנִיmy sonמְמֻנֶּהappointedעַלoverשֶׁלִּי:mine
רַשִׁ״י
דמשק.Damascusלְפִיaccording toהַתַּרְגּוּםthe Targumמִדַּמֶּשֶׂקfrom Damascusהָיָה,he wasוּלְפִיand according toמִ"אַMidrash Aggadahשֶׁרָדַףthat he pursuedהַמְּלָכִיםthe kingsעַדuntilדַּמֶּשֶׂק.Damascusוּבַתַּלְמוּדand in the Talmudדָרְשׁוּthey expoundedנוֹטָרִיקוֹןan abbreviationדּוֹלֶהone who drawsוּמַשְׁקֶהand gives to drinkמִתּוֹרַתfrom the Torah ofרַבּוֹhis masterלַאֲחֵרִים:to others
פָּסוּק ז
Pasuk 7
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאַבְרָםAvramהֵןbeholdלִיto meלֹאnotנָתַתָּהYou have givenזָרַעoffspringוְהִנֵּהand beholdבֶןa member ofבֵּיתִיmy householdיוֹרֵשׁinheritsאֹתִי׃me
רַשִׁ״י
הןBeholdליto meלאnotנתתYou have givenזרע.offspringוּמַהand whatתּוֹעֶלֶתbenefitבְּכָלis in allאֲשֶׁרthatתִּתֵּןYou will giveלִי?to me
פָּסוּק ח
Pasuk 8
וְהִנֵּהAnd beholdדְבַרthe word ofיְהוָהHashemאֵלָיוto himלֵאמֹרsayingלֹאnotיִירָשְׁךָshall inherit youזֶהthis oneכִּיbutאִםratherאֲשֶׁרhe whoיֵצֵאshall come outמִמֵּעֶיךָfrom your innardsהוּאheיִירָשֶׁךָ׃shall inherit you
פָּסוּק ט
Pasuk 9
וַיּוֹצֵאAnd He took outאֹתוֹhimהַחוּצָהoutsideוַיֹּאמֶרand He saidהַבֶּטlookנָאpleaseהַשָּׁמַיְמָהtoward the heavenוּסְפֹרand countהַכּוֹכָבִיםthe starsאִםifתּוּכַלyou are ableלִסְפֹּרto countאֹתָםthemוַיֹּאמֶרand He saidלוֹto himכֹּהsoיִהְיֶהshall beזַרְעֶךָ׃your offspring
רַשִׁ״י
ויוצאAnd He broughtאתו— himהחוצה.outsideלְפִיAccording toפְּשׁוּטוֹits plain meaningהוֹצִיאוֹHe brought himמֵאָהֳלוֹfrom his tentלַחוּץoutsideלִרְאוֹתto seeהַכּוֹכָבִים,the starsוּלְפִיand according toמִדְרָשׁוֹits Midrashic explanationאָמַרHe saidלוֹto himצֵאgo forthמֵאִצְטַגְנִינוּתfrom astrologyשֶׁלְּךָof yoursשֶׁרָאִיתָthat you sawבַּמַּזָּלוֹתin the constellationsשֶׁאֵינְךָthat you are notעָתִידdestinedלְהַעֲמִידto raiseבֵּן,a sonאַבְרָםAbramאֵיןhas noלוֹto himבֵן,sonאֲבָלbutאַבְרָהָםAbrahamיֵשׁhasלוֹto himבֵן,a sonשָׂרַיSaraiלֹאwill notתֵלֵד,bearאֲבָלbutשָׂרָהSarahתֵלֵד;will bearאֲנִיIקוֹרֵאcallלָכֶםfor youשֵׁםnameאַחֵרanotherוְיִשְׁתַּנֶּהand will changeהַמַּזָּל.the destinyדָּ"אַAnother explanationהוֹצִיאוֹHe brought himמֵחֲלָלוֹfrom the spaceשֶׁלofעוֹלָםthe worldוְהִגְבִּיהוֹand elevated himלְמַעְלָהaboveמִןfromהַכּוֹכָבִים,the starsוְזֶהוּand this isלְשׁוֹןthe expression ofהַבָּטָהlookingמִלְמַעְלָהfrom aboveלְמַטָּה:to below
פָּסוּק י
Pasuk 10
וְהֶאֱמִןAnd he believedבַּיהוָהin Hashemוַיַּחְשְׁבֶהָand He reckoned itלּוֹto himצְדָקָה׃as righteousness
רַשִׁ״י
והאמיןAnd he believedבה'.in Hashemלֹאnotשָׁאַלdid he askלוֹof Himאוֹתa signעַלconcerningזֹאת;thisאֲבָלbutעַלconcerningיְרֻשַּׁתthe inheritance ofהָאָרֶץthe landשָׁאַלhe askedלוֹof Himאוֹתa signוְאָמַרand he saidלוֹto Himבַּמָּהby whatאֵדַע.shall I know
רַשִׁ״י
ויחשבהAnd He accounted itלוto himצדקה.for righteousnessהַקָּבָּ"הthe Holy One blessed be Heחֲשָׁבָהּaccounted itלאַבְרָםto Avramלִזְכוּתas a meritוְלִצְדָקָהand as righteousnessעַלforהַאֲמָנָהthe faithשֶׁהֶאֱמִיןthat he believedבּוֹ.in HimדָּבָרAnotherאַחֵרexplanationבַּמָּהBy whatאֵדַע,shall I knowלֹאhe did notשָׁאַלaskלוֹfor himselfאוֹתa signאֶלָּאbutאָמַרhe saidלְפָנָיו,before Himהוֹדִיעֵנִיlet me knowבְּאֵיזֶהby whatזְכוּתmeritיִתְקַיְּמוּthey will endureבָּהּ,in itאָמַרsaidלוֹto himהַקָּבָּ"ה,the Holy One blessed be Heבִּזְכוּתthrough the merit ofהַקָּרְבָּנוֹת:the sacrifices
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah concludes with Hashem's powerful response to Avraham's concern, assuring him that Eliezer will not be his heir, but rather a child from his own body will inherit him. Hashem takes Avraham outside, showing him the stars and promising that his offspring will be just as countless. Avraham puts his complete trust in Hashem, which Hashem reckons to him as a great merit.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Torah is showing us a tremendous yesod in how we look at our parnassah and our success in this world. When Avram Avinu is offered the spoils of the war by the king of Sodom, he refuses to take even a thread or a shoelace. Lichoira, why not? He won the war, he was entitled to it. But Avram says b'davka: "So that you shall not say, 'It is I who made Abram rich.'" Avram understood that if a Yid is going to be wealthy, or even just have his basic needs met, it must come directly from Hashem, without any middleman getting the credit. He did not want a rasha like the king of Sodom to ever claim that human effort or a human hand was the source of Avram's blessing.

Immediately after this, the pasuk says, "After these things, the word of Hashem came to Abram... 'Fear not, Abram, I am a shield to you; your reward shall be very great.'" Rashi explains that Avram was worried that he had used up his merits by receiving a miracle in the war. But Hashem reassures him that by standing strong and refusing the easy money of Sodom, his reward was actually multiplied. When you make the ratzon of Hashem your priority and refuse to compromise on your emunah for a quick profit, you do not lose out. Mimeila, Hashem becomes your shield and your ultimate provider.

We face this same nisayon in our daily business and work. The yetzer hara whispers that we must cut corners, flatter the wrong people, or engage in questionable deals because "that is how you make a living." We think that our effort and our connections are what make us rich. But the truth is that everything is already decreed from Rosh Hashanah. When we stand strong like Avram Avinu, refusing to take the "thread or sandal strap" that does not belong to us or that compromises our Torah values, we open the vessel for real, lasting berachah directly from the hand of Hashem.

Today, when a situation arises where you are tempted to compromise on your values or rely on questionable means for financial gain, stop and declare to yourself: "My parnassah comes only from Hashem, and no flesh and blood will ever say they made me rich." Walk away from the compromise, and trust that Hashem will shield you and provide for you in ways you cannot even imagine.

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‹חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י — לך לך · חֲמִישִׁי›