Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה
In this aliyah, we learn about the great simcha of the birth of Yitzchak to Avraham and Sarah in their old age, a miracle that brings laughter and wonder to everyone who hears of it. We see the child grow and get weaned, which Avraham celebrates with a great feast. But the simcha is quickly met with a serious nisayon as Sarah sees Yishmael, the son of Hagar, playing in a way that threatens Yitzchak's spiritual future.
Sarah demands that Avraham cast out Hagar and her son so that Yishmael will not inherit together with Yitzchak. Although this dabar is very painful to Avraham, Hashem tells him to listen to everything Sarah says, assuring him that his true seed will be called through Yitzchak. Avraham sends them away into the midbar, where they face a desperate situation when their water runs out.
All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
וְאַבְרָהָםand Avrahamבֶּןwas a son ofמְאַתone hundredשָׁנָהyearsבְּהִוָּלֶדat the being bornלוֹto himאֵת—יִצְחָקYitzchakבְּנוֹ׃his son
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
וַתֹּאמֶרAnd saidשָׂרָהSarahצְחֹקlaughterעָשָׂהhas madeלִיfor meאֱלֹהִיםGodכָּלeveryoneהַשֹּׁמֵעַwho hearsיִצְחַקwill laughלִי׃with me
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
וַתֹּאמֶרAnd she saidמִיwhoמִלֵּלwould have spokenלְאַבְרָהָםto Avrahamהֵינִיקָהwould suckleבָנִיםchildrenשָׂרָהSarahכִּיthatיָלַדְתִּיI have borneבֵןa sonלִזְקֻנָיו׃for his old age
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
וַיִּגְדַּלAnd grewהַיֶּלֶדthe childוַיִּגָּמַלand was weanedוַיַּעַשׂand madeאַבְרָהָםAvrahamמִשְׁתֶּהa feastגָדוֹלgreatבְּיוֹםon the day ofהִגָּמֵלthe weaning ofאֶת—יִצְחָק׃Yitzchak
פָּסוּק ה
Pasuk 5
וַתֵּרֶאAnd she sawשָׂרָהSarahאֶת—בֶּןthe son ofהָגָרHagarהַמִּצְרִיתthe Egyptianאֲשֶׁרwhomיָלְדָהshe boreלְאַבְרָהָםto Avrahamמְצַחֵק׃making merry
פָּסוּק ו
Pasuk 6
וַתֹּאמֶרAnd she saidלְאַבְרָהָםto Avrahamגָּרֵשׁdrive outהָאָמָהthe maidservantהַזֹּאתthisוְאֶתand —בְּנָהּher sonכִּיforלֹאnotיִירַשׁshall inheritבֶּןthe son ofהָאָמָהthe maidservantהַזֹּאתthisעִםwithבְּנִיmy sonעִםwithיִצְחָק׃Yitzchak
פָּסוּק ז
Pasuk 7
וַיֵּרַעAnd was evilהַדָּבָרthe matterמְאֹדgreatlyבְּעֵינֵיin the eyes ofאַבְרָהָםAvrahamעַלonאוֹדֹתaccount ofבְּנוֹ׃his son
פָּסוּק ח
Pasuk 8
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאֱלֹהִיםGodאֶלtoאַבְרָהָםAvrahamאַלdo notיֵרַעlet it be badבְּעֵינֶיךָin your eyesעַלconcerningהַנַּעַרthe youthוְעַלand concerningאֲמָתֶךָyour maidservantכֹּלallאֲשֶׁרthatתֹּאמַרshe saysאֵלֶיךָto youשָׂרָהSarahשְׁמַעhearkenבְּקֹלָהּto her voiceכִּיforבְיִצְחָקthrough Yitzchakיִקָּרֵאwill be calledלְךָfor youזָרַע׃offspring
פָּסוּק ט
Pasuk 9
וְגַםAnd alsoאֶת—בֶּןthe son ofהָאָמָהthe maidservantלְגוֹיinto a nationאֲשִׂימֶנּוּI will make himכִּיbecauseזַרְעֲךָyour seedהוּא׃he is
פָּסוּק י
Pasuk 10
וַיַּשְׁכֵּםAnd Avraham arose earlyאַבְרָהָםAvrahamבַּבֹּקֶרin the morningוַיִּקַּחand he tookלֶחֶםbreadוְחֵמַתand a skin ofמַיִםwaterוַיִּתֵּןand he gaveאֶלtoהָגָרHagarשָׂםhe placedעַלuponשִׁכְמָהּher shoulderוְאֶתand —הַיֶּלֶדthe childוַיְשַׁלְּחֶהָand he sent her awayוַתֵּלֶךְand she wentוַתֵּתַעand she wanderedבְּמִדְבַּרin the wilderness ofבְּאֵרBeerשָׁבַע׃Sheva
פָּסוּק יא
Pasuk 11
וַיִּכְלוּAnd were finishedהַמַּיִםthe waterמִןfromהַחֵמֶתthe skinוַתַּשְׁלֵךְand she castאֶת—הַיֶּלֶדthe childתַּחַתunderאַחַדone ofהַשִּׂיחִם׃the bushes
פָּסוּק יב
Pasuk 12
וַתֵּלֶךְAnd she wentוַתֵּשֶׁבand she satלָהּfor herselfמִנֶּגֶדfrom oppositeהַרְחֵקfar offכִּמְטַחֲוֵיlike the draw ofקֶשֶׁתa bowכִּיforאָמְרָהshe saidאַלlet me notאֶרְאֶהlookבְּמוֹתupon the death ofהַיָּלֶדthe childוַתֵּשֶׁבand she satמִנֶּגֶדfrom oppositeוַתִּשָּׂאand she liftedאֶת—קֹלָהּher voiceוַתֵּבְךְּ׃and she wept
פָּסוּק יג
Pasuk 13
וַיִּשְׁמַעAnd heardאֱלֹהִיםGodאֶת—קוֹלthe voice ofהַנַּעַרthe youthוַיִּקְרָאand calledמַלְאַךְan angel ofאֱלֹהִיםGodאֶלtoהָגָרHagarמִןfromהַשָּׁמַיִםthe heavensוַיֹּאמֶרand he saidלָהּto herמַהWhatלָּךְis to youהָגָרHagarאַלdo notתִּירְאִיfearכִּיforשָׁמַעheardאֱלֹהִיםGodאֶלtoקוֹלthe voice ofהַנַּעַרthe youthבַּאֲשֶׁרin whereהוּאheשָׁם׃is there
פָּסוּק יד
Pasuk 14
קוּמִיAriseשְׂאִיlift upאֶת—הַנַּעַרthe youthוְהַחֲזִיקִיand holdאֶת—יָדֵךְyour handבּוֹon himכִּיforלְגוֹיinto a nationגָּדוֹלgreatאֲשִׂימֶנּוּ׃I will make him
פָּסוּק טו
Pasuk 15
וַיִּפְקַחAnd openedאֱלֹהִיםGodאֶת—עֵינֶיהָher eyesוַתֵּרֶאand she sawבְּאֵרa well ofמָיִםwaterוַתֵּלֶךְand she wentוַתְּמַלֵּאand she filledאֶת—הַחֵמֶתthe skinמַיִםwith waterוַתַּשְׁקְand she gave drinkאֶת—הַנָּעַר׃to the youth
פָּסוּק טז
Pasuk 16
וַיְהִיAnd wasאֱלֹהִיםGodאֶת—הַנַּעַרthe youthוַיִּגְדָּלand he grewוַיֵּשֶׁבand he dweltבַּמִּדְבָּרin the wildernessוַיְהִיand he becameרֹבֶהan archerקַשָּׁת׃with a bow
פָּסוּק יז
Pasuk 17
וַיֵּשֶׁבAnd he livedבְּמִדְבַּרin the wilderness ofפָּארָןParanוַתִּקַּחand tookלוֹfor himאִמּוֹhis motherאִשָּׁהa wifeמֵאֶרֶץfrom the land ofמִצְרָיִם׃Mitzrayim
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם
The aliyah follows the birth and weaning of Yitzchak, Sarah's demand to expel Hagar and Yishmael, and Hashem's instruction to Avraham to obey Sarah's voice. Avraham sends them off into the wilderness of Beer-sheba with bread and water; when the water is finished, Hagar casts the boy under a bush and weeps from a distance. Hashem hears the cry of the lad and sends an angel to comfort Hagar, opening her eyes to find a well of water, and the aliyah concludes with Yishmael growing up in the wilderness of Paran and marrying a wife from Mitzrayim.
לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home
The Torah tells us that when Yishmael was crying in the desert, the malach told Hagar, "For Hashem has heard the voice of the lad where he is." Rashi brings down the famous Chazal that the angels were complaining: "Ribono shel Olam, this person is going to kill Your children in the future, and You are bringing him up a well?" Hashem answered them, "Right now, is he a tzaddik or a rasha?" They said, "A tzaddik." Hashem replied, "According to his actions of right now, I judge him."
Think about the depth of this yesod. Lichoira, we look at ourselves, our past failures, or our future worries, and we feel completely blocked. We think, "How can I stand in front of Hashem and daven when I know my shortcomings?" Or we look at our children or our chavrusas and judge them based on where we think they are heading. But the Ribbono shel Olam teaches us a completely different derech in avodah: "Ba'asher hu sham", Hashem looks at you exactly where you are standing at this very second.
If you make a ratzon right now to do teshuvah, to learn one mishnah with cheshkek, or to daven with a bit more kavanah, Hashem doesn't bring up your past or calculate your future struggles. At this moment, you are a tzaddik in His eyes. This is a tremendous chizuk for our emunah. We do not need to be crushed by the weight of tomorrow's nisyonos; we only need to be true to Hashem in the present moment.
Today, when you stand up to daven or sit down to learn, block out all the noise of your past mistakes and future worries. Focus entirely on making this one present moment a moment of ratzon, knowing that Hashem is judging and loving you "ba'asher hu sham", exactly as you are right now.