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חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUAחוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · PARSHAS HASHAVUA

חוּמָּשׁ עִם רַשִׁ״י · וירא · שִׁשִּׁי

Complete Word-for-Word Interlinear · Navy & Gold Edition
Vayera · 6th Aliyah
Chapter Previewהַקְדָּמָה

In this aliyah, we see Avimelech, the king of the Plishtim, coming to Avraham Avinu together with Phichol, the general of his army. Seeing how Hashem is clearly with Avraham in everything he does, Avimelech seeks to establish a treaty of peace and loyalty between their families for generations to come. Avraham agrees to swear, but first he uses the opportunity to bring up a serious grievance regarding a water well that Avimelech's servants had wrongfully seized.

After Avimelech claims he had no prior knowledge of the theft, the two of them seal their covenant with a gift of sheep and cattle. Avraham sets aside seven specific ewes as a unique testimony that he was the one who dug the disputed well, leading to the naming of the place as Beer-sheba. The aliyah concludes with Avraham planting an eshel, calling out in the name of Hashem, and dwelling in the land of the Plishtim for many years.

All introductions, summaries, and contextual notes are the editor's commentary and are not part of the original text.אַלע הַקְדָּמוֹת, סִכּוּמִים, און הערות זענען דעם רעדאַקטאָר'ס באַמערקונגען און זענען נישט קיין טייל פונעם אָריגינעלן טעקסט.
פָּסוּק א
Pasuk 1
וַיְהִיAnd it wasבָּעֵתat the timeהַהִואthatוַיֹּאמֶרand he saidאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechוּפִיכֹלand Phicholשַׂרgeneral ofצְבָאוֹhis armyאֶלtoאַבְרָהָםAvrahamלֵאמֹרsayingאֱלֹהִיםG-dעִמְּךָis with youבְּכֹלin allאֲשֶׁרthatאַתָּהyouעֹשֶׂה׃do
רַשִׁ״י
אלהיםG-dעמך.is with youלְפִיbecauseשֶׁרָאוּthat they sawשֶׁיָּצָאthat he leftמִשְּׁכוּנַתfrom the neighborhood ofסְדוֹםSedomלְשָׁלוֹם,in peaceוְעִםand withהַמְּלָכִיםthe kingsנִלְחַםhe foughtוְנָפְלוּand they fellבְיָדוֹ,into his handוְנִפְקְדָהand was rememberedאִשְׁתּוֹhis wifeלִזְקוּנָיו:in his old age
פָּסוּק ב
Pasuk 2
וְעַתָּהAnd nowהִשָּׁבְעָהswearלִּיto meבֵאלֹהִיםby Godהֵנָּהhereאִםthat notתִּשְׁקֹרyou will deal falselyלִיwith meוּלְנִינִיand with my childוּלְנֶכְדִּיand with my grandchildכַּחֶסֶדlike the kindnessאֲשֶׁרthatעָשִׂיתִיI have doneעִמְּךָwith youתַּעֲשֶׂהyou shall doעִמָּדִיwith meוְעִםand withהָאָרֶץthe landאֲשֶׁרthatגַּרְתָּהyou have sojournedבָּהּ׃in it
רַשִׁ״י
ולניניand to my sonולנכדי.and to my grandsonעַדuntilכָּאןhereרַחֲמֵיthe mercy ofהָאָבthe fatherעַלuponהַבֵּן:the son
רַשִׁ״י
כחסדAccording to the kindnessאשרthatעשיתיI have doneעמךwith youתעשהyou shall doעמדי.with meשֶׁאָמַרְתִּיthat I saidלְךָto youהִנֵּהBeholdאַרְצִיmy landלְפָנֶיךָis before youבראשיתBereishisרבהRabbah:
פָּסוּק ג
Pasuk 3
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאַבְרָהָםAvrahamאָנֹכִיIאִשָּׁבֵעַ׃will swear
פָּסוּק ד
Pasuk 4
וְהוֹכִחַAnd Abraham reproachedאַבְרָהָםAvrahamאֶת—אֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechעַלconcerningאֹדוֹתthe matter ofבְּאֵרthe well ofהַמַּיִםthe waterאֲשֶׁרwhichגָּזְלוּhad seizedעַבְדֵיthe servants ofאֲבִימֶלֶךְ׃Avimelech
רַשִׁ״י
והוכח.And he reprovedנִתְוַכֵּחַhe arguedעִמּוֹwith himעַלaboutכָּךְ:this
פָּסוּק ה
Pasuk 5
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechלֹאnotיָדַעְתִּיI knewמִיwhoעָשָׂהdidאֶת—הַדָּבָרthe matterהַזֶּהthisוְגַםand alsoאַתָּהyouלֹאnotהִגַּדְתָּtoldלִּיmeוְגַםand alsoאָנֹכִיIלֹאnotשָׁמַעְתִּיheardבִּלְתִּיexceptהַיּוֹם׃today
פָּסוּק ו
Pasuk 6
וַיִּקַּחAnd tookאַבְרָהָםAvrahamצֹאןsheepוּבָקָרand cattleוַיִּתֵּןand he gaveלַאֲבִימֶלֶךְto Avimelechוַיִּכְרְתוּand they madeשְׁנֵיהֶםboth of themבְּרִית׃a covenant
פָּסוּק ז
Pasuk 7
וַיַּצֵּבAnd he setאַבְרָהָםAvrahamאֶת—שֶׁבַעsevenכִּבְשֹׂתewes ofהַצֹּאןthe flockלְבַדְּהֶן׃by themselves
פָּסוּק ח
Pasuk 8
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd saidאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechאֶלtoאַבְרָהָםAvrahamמָהwhatהֵנָּהare theyשֶׁבַעsevenכְּבָשֹׂתewesהָאֵלֶּהtheseאֲשֶׁרwhichהִצַּבְתָּyou have setלְבַדָּנָה׃by themselves
פָּסוּק ט
Pasuk 9
וַיֹּאמֶרAnd he saidכִּיthatאֶת—שֶׁבַעsevenכְּבָשֹׂתewesתִּקַּחyou shall takeמִיָּדִיfrom my handבַּעֲבוּרso thatתִּהְיֶהit will beלִּיfor meלְעֵדָהas testimonyכִּיthatחָפַרְתִּיI dugאֶת—הַבְּאֵרthe wellהַזֹּאת׃this
רַשִׁ״י
בעבורin order thatתהיהshall beלי.to meזאת:this
רַשִׁ״י
לעדה.for a witnessלְשׁוֹןan expression ofעֵדוּתtestimonyשֶׁלofנְקֵבָה,feminineכְּמוֹjust asוְעֵדָהand a witnessהַמַּצֵּבָהthe pillarבראשיתBereishisל"אthirty-one:
רַשִׁ״י
כיthatחפרתיI have dugאת—הבאר.the wellמְרִיבִיםquarrelingהָיוּwereעָלֶיהָover itרוֹעֵיthe shepherds ofאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechוְאוֹמְרִיםand sayingאֲנַחְנוּweחֲפַרְנוּהָ,dug itאָמְרוּthey saidבֵּינֵיהֶםbetween themselvesכָּלanyמִיwhoשֶׁיִּתְרָאֶהthat will appearעַלatהַבְּאֵרthe wellוְיַעֲלוּand will riseהַמַּיִםthe watersלִקְרָאתוֹ,towards himשֶׁלּוֹhisהִיא,it isוְעָלוּand they roseלִקְרָאתtowardsאַבְרָהָם:Avraham
פָּסוּק י
Pasuk 10
עַלThereforeכֵּן·קָרָאhe calledלַמָּקוֹםto the placeהַהוּאthatבְּאֵרBe'erשָׁבַעShevaכִּיbecauseשָׁםthereנִשְׁבְּעוּsworeשְׁנֵיהֶם׃both of them
פָּסוּק יא
Pasuk 11
וַיִּכְרְתוּAnd they sealedבְרִיתa covenantבִּבְאֵרin BeerשָׁבַעShevaוַיָּקָםand there aroseאֲבִימֶלֶךְAvimelechוּפִיכֹלand Phicholשַׂרthe general ofצְבָאוֹhis armyוַיָּשֻׁבוּand they returnedאֶלtoאֶרֶץthe land ofפְּלִשְׁתִּים׃the Philistines
פָּסוּק יב
Pasuk 12
וַיִּטַּעAnd he plantedאֶשֶׁלan orchardבִּבְאֵרin BeerשָׁבַעShevaוַיִּקְרָאand he calledשָׁםthereבְּשֵׁםupon the name ofיְהוָהHashemאֵלGod ofעוֹלָם׃the universe
רַשִׁ״י
אשל.EshelרַבRavוּשְׁמוּאֵל,and Shmuelחַדoneאֲמַרsaidפַּרְדֵּסan orchardלְהָבִיאto bringמִמֶּנוּfrom itפֵּרוֹתfruitsלָאוֹרְחִיםfor the guestsבַּסְּעוּדָה,at the mealוְחַדand oneאֲמַרsaidפֻּנְדָּקan innלְאַכְסַנְיָאfor lodgingוּבוֹand in itכָּלallמִינֵיkinds ofפֵּרוֹת.fruitsוּמָצִינוּand we findלְשׁוֹןthe expression ofנְטִיעָהplantingבְּאֹהָלִים,regarding tentsשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרas it is saidוְיִטַּעand he shall plantאָהֳלֵיthe tents ofאַפַּדְנוֹhis palaceדניאלDanielי"א11:
רַשִׁ״י
ויקראAnd he calledשםthereוגו'.etc.עַלbyיְדֵיmeans ofאוֹתוֹthatאֵשֶׁלEshelנִקְרָאwas calledשְׁמוֹthe nameשֶׁלofהַקָּבָּ"הthe Holy OneאֱלוֹהַּGodלְכָלof allהָעוֹלָם,the universeלְאַחַרafterשֶׁאוֹכְלִיםthey ateוְשׁוֹתִיםand drankאוֹמֵרhe would sayלָהֶםto themבָּרְכוּblessלְמִיHimשֶׁאֲכַלְתֶּםwhose you ateמִשֶּׁלּוֹ,of Hisסְבוּרִיםthinkאַתֶּםyouשֶׁמִּשֶּׁלִּיthat of mineאֲכַלְתֶּם?you ateמִשֶּׁלfrom ofמִיHimשֶׁאָמָרWho spokeוְהָיָהand came to beהָעוֹלָםthe universeאֲכַלְתֶּםyou ateסוטהSotahי'10a:
פָּסוּק יג
Pasuk 13
וַיָּגָרAnd sojournedאַבְרָהָםAvrahamבְּאֶרֶץin the land ofפְּלִשְׁתִּיםthe Philistinesיָמִיםdaysרַבִּים׃many
רַשִׁ״י
ימיםDaysרבים.manyמְרֻבִּיםmore numerousעַלthanשֶׁלthose ofחֶבְרוֹן.Hebronבְּחֶבְרוֹןin Hebronעָשָׂהhe spentכ"הtwenty-fiveשָׁנָהyearsוְכָאןand hereכ"ו,twenty-sixשֶׁהֲרֵיfor beholdבֶּןa son ofע"הseventy-fiveשָׁנָהyearsהָיָהhe wasבְּצֵאתוֹat his departureמֵחָרָן,from Haranאוֹתָהּthat sameשָׁנָהyearוַיָבֹאand he cameוַיֵּשֶׁבand he dweltבְּאֵלֹנֵיby the plains ofמַמְרֵא,Mamreשֶׁלֹּאfor notמָצִינוּhave we foundקֹדֶםbeforeלָכֵןthisשֶׁנִּתְיַשֵּׁבthat he settledאֶלָּאexceptשָׁם,thereשֶׁבְּכָלfor in allמְקוֹמוֹתָיוhis placesהָיָהhe wasכְּאוֹרֵחַlike a guestחוֹנֶהwho pitches campוְנוֹסֵעַand journeysוְהוֹלֵך,and goes onשֶׁנֶּאֱמַרas it is saidוַיַּעֲבֹרand he passedאַבְרָם,Avramוַיַּעְתֵּקand he removedמִשָּׁם,from thereוַיְהִיand there wasרָעָבa famineבָּאָרֶץin the landוַיֵּרֶדand he went downאַבְרָםAvramמִצְרַיְמָהto MitzrayimבראשיתGenesisי"בtwelve,וּבְמִצְרַיִםand in Mitzrayimלֹאnotעָשָׂהdid he spendאֶלָּאexceptשְׁלֹשָׁהthreeחֳדָשִׁיםmonthsשֶׁהֲרֵיfor beholdשְׁלָחוֹsent him awayפַרְעֹהPharaohמִיָּד,immediatelyוַיֵּלֶךְand he wentלְמַסָּעָיוon his journeysעַדuntilוַיָּבֹאhe cameוַיֵּשֶׁבand dweltבְּאֵלֹנֵיby the plains ofמַמְרֵאMamreאֲשֶׁרwhichבְּחֶבְרוֹןare in Hebronשםthereי"גthirteen,שָׁםthereיָשַׁבhe dweltעַדuntilשֶׁנֶּהֱפְכָהwas overthrownסְדוֹם,Sodomמִיָּדimmediatelyוַיִּסַּעand he journeyedמִשָּׁםfrom thereאַבְרָהָםAvrahamמִפְּנֵיbecause ofבוּשָׁהthe shameשֶׁלofלוֹטLotוּבָאand he cameלְאֶרֶץto the land ofפְּלִשְׁתִּים,the Philistinesוּבֶןand a son ofצ"טninety-nineשָׁנָהyearsהָיָה,he wasשֶׁהֲרֵיfor beholdבַשְּׁלִישִׁיon the thirdלְמִילָתוֹof his circumcisionבָּאוּcameאֶצְלוֹto himהַמַּלְאָכִים,the angelsהֲרֵיbeholdכ"הtwenty-fiveשָׁנָה,yearsוְכָאןand hereכְּתִיבit is writtenיָמִיםdaysרַבִּים,manyמְרֻבִּיםmore numerousעַלthanהָרִאשׁוֹנִים,the first onesוְלֹאand notבָאdid comeהַכָּתוּבthe Scriptureלִסְתֹּםto leave vagueאֶלָּאbutלְפָרֵשׁ,to specifyוְאִםand ifהָיוּthey wereמְרֻבִּיםmore numerousעֲלֵיהֶםthan themשְׁתֵּיby twoשָׁנִיםyearsאוֹorיוֹתֵרmoreהָיָהit would haveמְפָרְשָׁם,specified themוְעַלand ofכָּרְחֲךָyour necessityאֵינָםthey are notיְתֵרִיםgreaterיוֹתֵרmoreמִשָּׁנָה,than a yearהֲרֵיbeholdכ"וtwenty-sixשָׁנָה;yearsמִיָּדimmediatelyיָצָאhe went outמִשָּׁםfrom thereוְחָזַרand returnedלְחֶבְרוֹן,to Hebronוְאוֹתָהּand thatשָׁנָהyearקָדְמָהprecededלִפְנֵיbeforeעֲקֵדָתוֹthe binding ofשֶׁל·יִצְחָקYitzchakי"בtwelveשָׁנִים,yearsבְּסֵדֶרin Sederעוֹלָם:Olam
Chapter Summaryסִכּוּם

The aliyah begins with Avimelech and Phichol approaching Avraham to swear a covenant of truthfulness and loyalty, which Avraham accepts. Avraham then reproves Avimelech over a stolen well, and after Avimelech denies any knowledge of the matter, they seal their pact with livestock, including seven ewes set apart by Avraham to prove his ownership of the well. After naming the place Beer-sheba to mark their oath, Avimelech and Phichol return home, while Avraham plants a tamarisk tree, invokes the name of Hashem, the Everlasting Elokim, and remains in the land of the Plishtim for a long period.

לְמַעֲשֶׂהWhat To Take Home

The Torah is showing us a fascinating dynamic in this parsha. Abimelech and Phicol come to Avraham Avinu because they see that "Elokim imcha b'chol asher atah oseh", they recognize that Hashem is with him in everything. Yet, immediately after agreeing to make a treaty, what does Avraham do? The pasuk says, "V'yochach Avraham es Abimelech." He openly reproaches him about the well of water that Abimelech's servants had stolen. Lichoira, why bring up a fight right now when you are trying to seal a peace treaty?

The chiddush here is that true peace and kiddush Hashem cannot be built on a foundation of swept-under-the-rug dishonesty. Avraham Avinu teaches us that being a person of Hashem, someone who walks with emunah and integrity, means we do not ignore injustice or theft just to keep a fake, comfortable quiet. True shalom requires clarity and truth. Avraham did not let the stolen well slide; he brought it to light, resolved it with proof, and only then did they cut the covenant.

In our own lives, we often face situations in business, family, or shul where we want to keep the peace, so we stay quiet about things that are wrong, dishonest, or unfair. We think that ignoring the problem is the "frum" or polite thing to do. But the Torah is teaching us that real avodas Hashem demands that we address issues head-on, with respect but with absolute truth. When we resolve things honestly, we actually create a much stronger, more genuine connection with others.

Today, if there is an unresolved issue, a small misunderstanding, or a business matter that was left vague or unfair, do not just let it slide for a fake peace. Speak up gently, clarify the truth, and build your relationships on a foundation of absolute honesty.

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